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Ukrainian Grammar Intermediate Level 20 min

09. Verbs. Perfective and imperfective forms.

Grammar

Verbs in Ukrainian language can be imperfective or perfective. Perfective tense presents an action as finished and emphasizes its result. Compare:
Мама готувала обід. (Mom was cooking a lunch.) - imerfective tense
Мама приготувала обід. (Mom has cooked a lunch.) - perfective tense
Imperfective sentence answers the question: "Що робити?" - читати, робити. Perfective sentence answers the question: "Що зробити?"- прочитати, зробити.

How to create a perfective form of the verb? There are few ways.
1) The most common one: adding a prefixe to the imperfective verb (читати - прочитати).
2) Changing a suffix of the imperfective verb (стрибати - стрибнути).
3) By alternating vowels and consonant sounds in the roots (затерігати - застерегти). There is no specific rule, every time you have to refer to a dictionary. My advice is to memorize the most common verbs. Here they are:

	Imperfective verb	Perfective verb
to read	читати	прочитати
to cook	готувати	приготувати
to write	писати	написати
to understand	розуміти	зрозуміти
to think	думати	подумати
to see	дивитися	подивитися
to take	брати	взяти
to make a call	телефонувати	зателефонувати
to think	думати	подумати
to say	говорити	сказати

Common indicators of the perfective future time are:
вже - already
завтра - tomorrow
післязавтра - the day after tomorrow
скоро - soon
наступного тижня (місяця, року) - next week (month, year)
через годину (тиждень) - in one hour ( week)

Task: Fill in the gaps with correct verbs form. Use verbs: "дивитися", "подивитися". You can check whether your answer is correct by clicking on the 'eye' symbol.

- Що ти робив учора ввечері?
- Я телевізор.
- Ти довго телевізор?
- Так, я телевізор 4 години.
- Що робив ти, коли телевізор?
- Коли я телевізор, я почав футбол на комп'ютері. Коли я футбол на комп'ютері, я пішов спати.

02 Dec, 2018